The problem of creating terminological dictionaries of various targeting is analyzed. Variants of a two-level construction of a dictionary entry for a terminological dictionary, the users of which are both students and professors, are proposed. The semantisation of terms at any level is proposed to be implemented only in the form of a definition and supported by a didactic context and a system of references that ensure the inclusion of the cognitive abilities of the learner to master the corresponding term system. Examples of dictionary entries from textbooks published are given.

Medical terms with coloronyms are analysed. The reasons for the appearance of new terms with coloronyms, their significance for modern medicine are described. The appearance of new terminology concepts and their functioning in communicative practice are studied. It was revealed that new medical terms receive emotional comprehension due to the appearance of a new type of knowledge. An analysis of the medical literature confirmed that any color serves to form new terms in the language of medicine and is used to describe new diseases, their diagnosis and treatment.

The article draws attention to the need to study the grammatical means of language in a work of fiction in order to understand the author's intention, his logic, the semantic structure of the work, the characters. The article states that it is no coincidence that the author chooses certain language tools, because he intuitively feels their possibilities to achieve his goal. The article attempts to establish the relationship between the grammatical means of the language and the meanings that they convey in the dialogical text, at the morphological and syntactic level. The analysis of morphological and syntactic means used by A.P. Chekhov in simple one-part predicate sentences confirmed the hypothesis that grammar, despite the abstractness of its linguistic units, is relevant in the expression of artistic meanings, accurate in the detail of images. One or another frequency of one-part predicate sentences, different forms of verbs expressing certain meanings, make the realization of the author's artistic concept more vivid, evidential, expressive.

The purpose of this article is to prove the importance of studying the origin and historical conditions of the term for a more complete mastery of its conceptual completeness. The author of the article makes an attempt to prove that the historical conditions of the emergence and development of pharmacy in France and in Russia caused a difference in the conceptual content of the names of pharmaceutical specialties in the two countries. The examples of studying and comparing the terms “фармацевт”, “аптекарь“, “провизор," in Russian and "pharmacien", "apothicaire" in French show the difference in the cultural and historical component in the meaning of the terms apoticaire/pharmacist and pharmacien/pharmacist, which also affects the difference in the linguistic status of these terms in each language.

In modern linguistics, there are various approaches to the definition of the concept of discourse. The article examines the relationship of discourse with formalism and functionalism, which, from the point of view of pragmalinguistics, reveal views on linguistic phenomena and the nature of language in a new way. The main positions of formalism and functionalism are given, the relationship of these directions with each other is considered. Analyzing different interpretations of the concept of "medical discourse", the author concludes that formal and functional approaches are relevant in the study of medical discourse as an institutional one.

The purpose of this study is to study the names of one of the lexico-semantic groups of the Russian language – folk names for pathological conditions, as well as their origin and development in a motivological way. This article discusses a number of non-terminological names of pathological conditions and symptoms that reflect a person's knowledge of medicine in past centuries, the causes of their occurrence. The author singled out three groups of nominations motivated by certain features. The relevance of this study lies in the reconstruction of the archaic vision and ideas about pathological conditions for the purpose of subsequent analysis of the principles of their nomination.

The article describes the concept of a textbook of Russian as a foreign language for students of short-term forms of education of the Moscow State Linguistic University. The purpose of the article is to give an innovative model of educational materials for students of short-term forms of education. (the level of proficiency in Russian is not lower than B1). The authors come to the conclusion that the described textbook summarizes and systematizes the modern achievements of linguistics and teaching methods of the Russian Language and can be used to optimize the process of teaching Russian as a foreign language to students of short-term forms of education with different levels of proficiency in Russian within one group.

This article describes the concepts of “critical thinking”, given by different psychologists, and characterizes the basic principles and stages of critical thinking. The development of critical thinking is the most important condition for the successful professional activity of a medical specialist. The author of the article describes techniques and tasks used to develop critical thinking of medical students in the Latin language classes. It should be noted that every student in the group should have the opportunity to take part in the work. At the same time, it is necessary to create comfortable atmosphere in the room, excluding distrust, emotional and moral tension.

The article is devoted to topical issues of language adaptation of migrants in the multi-ethnic environment of Russia. The relevance of the problem posed is due to the increase in migration flows on the territory of the Russian Federation. The demographic situation in our country allows us to consider migration from Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Armenia as a working potential of the host country. Under these conditions, the linguistic adaptation of bilingual migrants and foreign speakers with different levels of Russian language proficiency – Russian as a foreign language, Russian as a non-native language, Russian as a native language – in the Russian language environment is of fundamental importance. The purpose of this study is to study the difficulties of language adaptation in a multicultural environment (the period 2019-2022), as well as the features of the communicative behavior of bilingual migrants and foreigners in the multiethnic environment of the Russian Federation.